Friction stir welding of carbon black reinforced high-density polyethylene tube-to-tubesheet joints
Industrial heat exchanger applications dealing with highly corrosive fluids demand the use of thermoplastic heat exchangers because of the chemically inert and anti-fouling nature of the thermoplastics.A non-conventional joining framework, based on the friction stir welding (FSW) technique, is used to form high-quality thermoplastic tube-to-tubeshe